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CANADA
DEPARTMENT OF MINES
Hon. P. E. Blondin, Minister; R. G. McConnell, Deputy Minister
MINES BRANCH
Eugene Haanel, Ph.D., Director.
BULLETIN No. 14
The Coal-Fields and Coal Industry of Eastern Canada
A General Survey and Description
By
Francis W. Gray
OTTAWA
Government Printing Bureau
1917
No. 430
Plate I
Coal Measure cliffs near No. 2 Colliery, Table Head, Glace Bay. Coal seams can be seen in the cliffs: typical of the shore exposures in the Sydney coal-fields showing wastage of cliffs.
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL.
DR. EUGENE HAANEL,
Director Mines Branch,
Department of Mines,
Ottawa.
SIR,--
I beg to submit, herewith, the following report on the Coal-fields and Coal Industry of Eastern Canada.
I have the honour to be,
Sir,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed) Francis W. Gray.
Sydney, N.S.
July 24, 1916.
CONTENTS.
Introductory
- Geological ..... p. 1
- Historical ..... p. 2
- Economic ..... p. 6
Cape Breton Island ..... p. 14
- Operating coal companies ..... p. 18
Nova Scotia mainland
- Cumberland field ..... p. 21
- Pictou field ..... p. 23
New Brunswick ..... p. 29
Prince Edward Island ..... p. 30
General
- Submarine mining ..... p. 31
- Preparation of coal: washing, coking, and by-product recovery
..... p. 35
- Methods of working ..... p. 38
- Colliery plant and motive powers ..... p. 41
- Explosions, and mine fires ..... p. 44
- Oil-shales, and inferior coals ..... p. 47
- Brickmaking ..... p. 48
Sociology and economics of the mining industry
- General conditions of employment ..... p. 49
- Miners' Relief Societies ..... p. 51
- Legislation, and technical education ..... p. 53
Bibliography (partial): relating to the coal-fields and coal industry of eastern Canada ..... p. 55
Explosions and fires in Nova Scotia coal mines
- Chronological list of the more important coal mine explosions and mine fires that have occurred in Nova Scotia ..... p. 61
- Index ..... p. 63
- Catalogue of Mines Branch publications (missing) ..... map pocket
ILLUSTRATIONS.
Photographs.
(Plate)
- Coal Measure cliffs near No. 2 Colliery, Table Head, Glace Bay. Coal seams can be seen in the cliffs: typical of the shore exposures in the Sydney coal-fields showing wastage of cliffs ..... cover
- Winter stock pile at No. 21 Colliery, Birch Grove: Dominion Coal Company ..... p. 12
- Coal discharging plant at Halifax: showing elevator barge for bunkering steamers, with discharging towers and barge--Dominion Coal Company ..... p. 12
- Sandstone spur near Table Head, Glace Bay: photographed in 1900 ..... p. 16
- Sandstone spur near Table Head, Glace Bay: photographed about eight years later-- showing effect of erosion ..... p. 16
- Glace Bay harbour: showing Dominion Coal Company's coal loading pier for schooner trade, also a portion of the stock of pit props ..... p. 18
- Blast furnaces, stock-yards, etc., Dominion Iron and Steel Company ..... p. 20
- Typical colliery village, showing workmen's dwellings, at No. 17 Colliery, Dominion Coal Company, Sydney, N.S. ..... p. 20
- Loading piers of Dominion Steel Corporation, at Sydney Harbour ..... p. 20
- "Baum" coal washing plant of the Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company, at Sydney Mines: showing washery and concrete settling tank ..... p. 36
- "Baum" coal washing plant of the Dominion Coal Company, Sydney, N.S.: showing washery, and concrete storage pockets holding 8,000 tons of washed coal, also concrete settling tank ..... p. 36
- Blast furnaces and coke ovens of the Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company, Sydney Mines ..... p. 36
- Nos. 2 and 9 Collieries of the Dominion Coal Company: two coal seams are worked at this mine to contiguous shafts ..... p. 38
- "Princess" Colliery of the Nova Scotia Steel and Coal Company, Sydney Mines ..... p. 38
- Joggins mine: Maritime Coal, Railway, and Power Company, Cumberland county ..... p. 38
- The Springhill mines of the Dominion Coal Company ..... p. 40
- No. 12 Colliery: Dominion Coal Company ..... p. 40
- No. 4 (Caledonia) Colliery: Dominion Coal Company ..... p. 40
- No. 14 Colliery, Dominion Coal Company: showing electric hoisting engine house at rear of bankhead ..... p. 40
- No. 1 slope of the Minudie Coal Company, River Hebert, N.S. ..... p. 40
- No. 2 slope of the Minudie Coal Company, River Hebert, N.S. ..... p. 40
- Bankhead and colliery buildings, Inverness Railway and Coal Company, Inverness, Cape Breton, N.S. ..... p. 40
- Waterford Lake electric power plant, Dominion Coal Company: serving the Lingan-Victoria group of collieries ..... p. 42
- Interior of power house, No. 2 Colliery of the Dominion Coal Company, at Glace Bay, N.S.; showing air compressors and electric generators. (The unoccupied space in the centre of the floor is now occupied by the turbo-generator set shown on Plate XXV.) ..... p. 42
- Electric turbo-generator driven by exhaust-steam turbine. Dominion No. 2 Colliery, Glace Bay ..... p. 42
- Collieries, general office, and Rescue Corps, of the Acadia Coal Company, Stellarton, N.S. ..... p. 46
Drawings.
Curve showing sales of Nova Scotia coal: progressing by decades 1830-1910 ..... p. 8
Map.
Map showing coal-fields of Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick (high resolution PDF, 1.7 Mb) ..... map pocket
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